Journal
REMOTE SENSING
Volume 13, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/rs13061084
Keywords
mangroves; remote sensing; Google Earth Engine; SfM photogrammetry; UAV
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Funding
- Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP) [201710220111567]
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This study presents a novel approach to exploring mangrove dynamics on a prograding delta by integrating UAV and satellite imagery, resulting in high-spatiotemporal-resolution mangrove extent maps and vegetation coverage dynamics. The analysis is essential for ecologists, coastal managers, and policymakers.
This article presents a novel approach to explore mangrove dynamics on a prograding delta by integrating unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and satellite imagery. The Porong Delta in Indonesia has a unique geographical setting with rapid delta development and expansion of the mangrove belt. This is due to an unprecedented mud load from the LUSI mud volcanic eruption. The mangrove dynamics analysis combines UAV-based Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry and 11 years (2009-2019) satellite imagery cloud computing analysis by Google Earth Engine (GEE). Our analysis shows unique, high-spatiotemporal-resolution mangrove extent maps. The SfM photogrammetry analysis leads to a 3D representation of the mangrove canopy and an estimate of mangrove biophysical properties with accurate height and individual position of the mangroves stand. GEE derived vegetation indices resulted in high (three-monthly) resolution mangrove coverage dynamics over 11 years (2009-2019), yielding a value of more than 98% for the overall, producer and consumer accuracy. Combining the satellite-derived age maps and the UAV-derived spatial tree structure allowed us to monitor the mangrove dynamics on a rapidly prograding delta along with its structural attributes. This analysis is of essential value to ecologists, coastal managers, and policymakers.
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