Journal
POLYMERS
Volume 13, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym13091421
Keywords
benzoxazines; polybenzoxazines; diaminodiphenylmethane; 3,3 '-dichloro-4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane; heterocycles; thermosetting binders
Categories
Funding
- Russian Science Foundation [19-73-10204]
- Russian Science Foundation [19-73-10204] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
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In order to study the effect of chlorine substituents on the properties of benzoxazine and to develop fire-resistant materials, a new benzoxazine monomer was synthesized. The comparison of different benzoxazines revealed that chlorine-containing polybenzoxazines require more severe conditions for polymerization but exhibit better fire resistance, making them suitable for various composite materials.
To reveal the effect of chlorine substituents in the ring of aromatic amine on the synthesis process of benzoxazine monomer and on its polymerization ability, as well as to develop a fire-resistant material, a previously unreported benzoxazine monomer based on 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane was obtained in toluene and mixture toluene/isopropanol. The resulting benzoxazine monomers were thermally cured for 2 h at 180 degrees C, 4 h at 200 degrees C, 2 h at 220 degrees C. A comparison between the rheological, thermal and fire-resistant properties of the benzoxazines based on 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and, for reference, 4,4'-diaminodimethylmethane was made. The effect of the reaction medium on the structure of the oligomeric fraction and the overall yield of the main product were studied and the toluene/ethanol mixture was found to provide the best conditions; however, in contrast to most known diamine-based benzoxazines, synthesis in the pure toluene is also possible. The synthesized monomers can be used as thermo- and fire-resistant binders for polymer composite materials, as well as hardeners for epoxy resins. Chlorine-containing polybenzoxazines require more severe conditions for polymerization but have better fire resistance.
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