Associations between Health Literacy and Sociodemographic Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Malaysia Utilising the HLS-M-Q18

Health literacy is progressively seen as an indicator to describe a nation's health status. To improve health literacy, countries need to address health inequalities by examining different social demographic factors across the population. This assessment is crucial to identify and evaluate the strengths and limitations of a country in addressing health issues. By addressing these health inequalities, a country would be better informed to take necessary steps to improve the nation's health literacy. This study examines health literacy levels in Malaysia and analyses socio-demographic factors that are associated with health literacy. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using the HLS-M-Q18 instrument, which was validated for the Malaysian population. Multi-stage random sampling strategy was used in this study, utilising several sampling techniques including quota sampling, cluster sampling, and simple random sampling to allow random data collection. A total of 855 respondents were sampled. Our results showed that there were significant associations between health literacy and age, health status, and health problems. Our findings also suggest that lower health literacy levels were associated with the younger generation. This study's findings have provided baseline data on Malaysians' health literacy and provide evidence showing potential areas of intervention.

Automated summary

Health literacy is increasingly important for describing a nation's health status and addressing health inequalities. The study in Malaysia found significant associations between health literacy and age, health status, and health problems, particularly among the younger generation. This research provides baseline data and potential intervention areas for improving health literacy in Malaysia.