In vitro analysis of the interaction of tear film inflammatory markers with contemporary contact lens materials

Purpose: Several clinical studies have suggested that reusable silicone hydrogel contact lens materials exhibit a two-times increased rate of corneal infiltrative events compared to reusable hydrogels. One potential factor contributing to this complication relates to the differential uptake of tear film-based pro-inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this study was to use an in vitro assay to investigate whether four pro-inflammatory cytokines differed in their uptake onto six contemporary contact lens materials. Methods: Conventional hydrogel (etafilcon A, omafilcon A) and silicone hydrogel (balafilcon A, comfilcon A, senofilcon A, somofilcon A) contact lens materials were soaked in solutions containing pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Samples of the soaking solutions were collected over various time points and analyzed using the Meso Scale Discovery system, which served as a measurement of cytokine uptake onto the contact lens materials. Results: Both conventional hydrogels (etafilcon A, omafilcon A) and two of the four silicone hydrogels tested (balafilcon A, comfilcon A), exhibited some uptake of IL-1 beta, IL-8 or TNF-alpha (p < 0.05). Senofilcon A and somofilcon A did not exhibit uptake of any of these cytokines (p > 0.05). There was no uptake of IL-6 onto any of the contact lens materials investigated (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The contact lens materials tested did not exhibit any uptake of IL-6 and furthermore, did not exhibit more than 10 +/- 3 % to 25 +/- 12 % uptake of IL-1 beta, IL-8 or TNF-alpha. Numerous factors could contribute to the reported increase in corneal infiltrative events with reusable silicone hydrogel materials, however, based on these results, it appears that uptake of these four cytokines are unlikely to contribute to this finding.

Automated summary

This study investigated the uptake of four pro-inflammatory cytokines onto six contemporary contact lens materials. It was found that both conventional hydrogels and two of the four silicone hydrogels tested showed some uptake of certain cytokines, while senofilcon A and somofilcon A did not exhibit uptake of any. Overall, the tested contact lens materials did not show significant uptake of IL-6 and had limited uptake of IL-1 beta, IL-8, or TNF-alpha.