Journal
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86536-0
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Funding
- Academy of Finland [322098, 286284, 134309, 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378, 117787, 41071]
- Social Insurance Institution of Finland
- Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospitals [X51001]
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Paavo Nurmi Foundation
- Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation
- Emil Aaltonen Foundation
- Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation
- Diabetes Research Foundation of Finnish Diabetes Association
- EU [755320]
- European Union [848146]
- European Research Council [742927]
- Tampere University Hospital Supporting Foundation
- Finnish Society of Clinical Chemistry
- Laboratoriolaaketieteen Edistamissaatio Sr
- Finnish Cultural Foundation [50191928]
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University
- Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation
- Ida Montinin Saatio
- Kalle Kaiharin saatio
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This study analysed gene co-expression modules shared by early traits of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis, identifying two modules with significant joint association with both diseases. The significant member genes from these modules are involved in biological processes related to bone metabolism or atherosclerosis, potentially providing new joint biomarkers for both diseases.
We analysed whole blood genome-wide expression data to identify gene co-expression modules shared by early traits of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. Gene expression was profiled for the Young Finns Study participants. Bone mineral density and content were measured as early traits of osteoporosis. Carotid and bulbus intima media thickness were measured as early traits of atherosclerosis. Joint association of the modules, identified with weighted co-expression analysis, with early traits of the diseases was tested with multivariate analysis. Among the six modules significantly correlated with early traits of both the diseases, two had significant (adjusted p-values (p.adj)<0.05) and another two had suggestively significant (p.adj<0.25) joint association with the two diseases after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. The three most significant member genes from the significant modules were NOSIP, GXYLT2, and TRIM63 (p.adj <= 0.18). Genes in the modules were enriched with biological processes that have separately been found to be involved in either bone metabolism or atherosclerosis. The gene modules and their most significant member genes identified in this study support the osteoporosis-atherosclerosis comorbidity hypothesis and can provide new joint biomarkers for both diseases and their dual prevention.
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