4.7 Article

Intravenous Lipid Emulsions Affect Respiratory Outcome in Preterm Newborn: A Case-Control Study

Journal

NUTRIENTS
Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu13041243

Keywords

hypertriglyceridemia; parenteral nutrition; bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD); invasive mechanical ventilation; respiratory distress syndrome; mortality

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The study found that newborns with HiTG related to ILEs had an increased incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and a longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation compared to controls. Multivariate analysis confirmed that HiTG independently influenced the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, even in subgroups with lower gestational age or birth weight.
(1) Background: Hypertriglyceridemia (HiTG) is a metabolic complication of intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) infusion. We aimed to evaluate the influence of HiTG on the respiratory outcome of preterm babies; (2) Methods: We enrolled, in a case-control study, newborns with gestational age <32 weeks or birth weight <1500 g, over a 3-year period. They were divided into cases and controls; cases were defined by the detection of HiTG defined as serum triglycerides (TG) value >150 mg/dL; (3) Results: We enrolled 40 cases and 105 controls. Cases had an increased incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (30.0% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.05) and longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (7 days, 95% CI 4-10 days vs. 4 days, 95% CI 1-7 days, p < 0.01) compared to controls. Multivariate analysis confirmed that HiTG independently influenced the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, also in the subgroups with gestational age <= 28 + 6/7 weeks or birth weight <= 1000 g; (4) Conclusion: Newborns with HiTG related to ILEs had a longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation. Temporary suspension or reduction in ILEs in the case of HiTG is associated with an improvement of respiratory outcome.

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