Study of the Solid-State Synthesis of Nickel Ferrite (NiFe2O4) by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman Spectroscopy

Spinel ferrite compounds continue to receive a lot of attention due to their unique properties. Among the numerous synthesis routes existing, the solid-state method was applied for the production of nickel ferrite, by introducing the use of a quartz vial. A mixture of nickel oxide (NiO) and hematite (Fe2O3) was ground and vacuum-sealed in the vial and different thermal treatment programs were tested. The resulting particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. For temperatures, below 1000 degrees C, the solid-state reaction is not complete as nickel oxide (NiO) and hematite (Fe2O3) are still present. The reaction time is a decisive parameter for the morphology of the particles obtained. If, for different reaction times, the particle size distribution is always between 0.3 and 1.7 mu m, a longer reaction time leads to the formation of dense, interconnected clusters of particles. Optimal parameters to synthesize a pure phase of spherical nickel ferrite were sought and found to be a reaction temperature of 1000 degrees C for 72 h.

Automated summary

Spinel ferrite compounds are of interest for their unique properties. A solid-state method was utilized to produce nickel ferrite, with a mixture of nickel oxide and hematite ground and vacuum-sealed in a quartz vial. The reaction time is crucial for particle morphology, with longer times resulting in dense clusters of particles.