Journal
MATERIALS
Volume 14, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma14102515
Keywords
geopolymer; geopolymer paste; waste iron powder; composite material
Categories
Funding
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University
- 50th Year Civil Engineering Chiang Mai University Scholarship
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Geopolymer has been used as an environmentally-friendly construction material, with various pozzolanic wastes commonly used as source materials. This study aimed to develop a new type of geopolymer by utilizing waste iron powder (WIP) in high-calcium FA geopolymer, resulting in a decrease in compressive strength but a significant increase in flexural strength.
Geopolymer (GP) has been applied as an environmentally-friendly construction material in recent years. Many pozzolanic wastes, such as fly ash (FA) and bottom ash, are commonly used as source materials for synthesizing geopolymer. Nonetheless, many non-pozzolanic wastes are often applied in the field of civil engineering, including waste iron powder (WIP). WIPs are massively produced as by-products from iron and steel industries, and the production rate increases every year. As an iron-based material, WIP has properties of heat induction and restoration, which can enhance the heat curing process of GP. Therefore, this study aimed to utilize WIP in high-calcium FA geopolymer to develop a new type of geopolymer and examine its properties compared to the conventional geopolymer. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were performed on the geopolymers. Mechanical properties, including compressive strength and flexural strength, were also determined. In addition, setting time and temperature monitoring during the heat curing process were carried out. The results indicated that the addition of WIP in FA geopolymer decreased the compressive strength, owing to the formation of tetrahydroxoferrate (II) sodium or Na-2[Fe(OH)(4)]. However, a significant increase in the flexural strength of GP with WIP addition was detected. A flexural strength of 8.5 MPa was achieved by a 28-day sample with 20% of WIP addition, nearly three times higher than that of control.
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