Embedding atomic cobalt into graphene lattices to activate room-temperature ferromagnetism

Graphene is extremely promising for next-generation spintronics applications; however, realizing graphene-based room-temperature magnets remains a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate that robust room-temperature ferromagnetism with T-C up to similar to 400K and saturation magnetization of 0.11emug(-1) (300K) can be achieved in graphene by embedding isolated Co atoms with the aid of coordinated N atoms. Extensive structural characterizations show that square-planar Co-N-4 moieties were formed in the graphene lattices, where atomically dispersed Co atoms provide local magnetic moments. Detailed electronic structure calculations reveal that the hybridization between the d electrons of Co atoms and delocalized p(z) electrons of N/C atoms enhances the conduction-electron mediated long-range magnetic coupling. This work provides an effective means to induce room-temperature ferromagnetism in graphene and may open possibilities for developing graphene-based spintronics devices. Graphene has shown incredible promise as ideal material for numerous fields; however its use in spintronics has been hampered by the lack of intrinsic magnetism. Here, Hu et al succeed in embedding Cobalt in the graphene lattice, creating robust room-temperature ferromagnetism.

Automated summary

Embedding Cobalt atoms in graphene lattice can achieve robust room-temperature ferromagnetism, facilitated by the formation of square-planar Co-N-4 moieties and local magnetic moments provided by atomically dispersed Co atoms.