Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13030494
Keywords
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; animals; reverse zoonosis; intermediate host
Categories
Funding
- Liverpool School of TropicalMedicine Director's Catalyst Fund award
- BBSRC [BB/T001240/1, V011278/1]
- Royal SocietyWolfson Fellowship [RSWFnR1n180013]
- NIH [R21AI138074, R21AI129507]
- UKRI [20197]
- NIHR [NIHR2000907]
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections [IS-HPU-111210117]
- NIHR Programme Grant for Applied Research [RP-PG-0108-10, 048]
- NIHR Global Health Research Group on Brain Infections [17/63/110]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program ZikaPLAN (Preparedness Latin America Network) [734584]
- BBSRC [BB/T001240/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Ask authors/readers for more resources
The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has raised concerns about the origin of the virus, the threat it poses to animals, and the possibility of a permanent viral reservoir in animals developing. Screening of wild, farmed, and domesticated animals is essential in understanding the virus, preventing future outbreaks, and evaluating the potential threat of animal-to-human transmission.
The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought many questions over the origin of the virus, the threat it poses to animals both in the wild and captivity, and the risks of a permanent viral reservoir developing in animals. Animal experiments have shown that a variety of animals can become infected with the virus. While coronaviruses have been known to infect animals for decades, the true intermediate host of the virus has not been identified, with no cases of SARS-CoV-2 in wild animals. The screening of wild, farmed, and domesticated animals is necessary to help us understand the virus and its origins and prevent future outbreaks of both COVID-19 and other diseases. There is intriguing evidence that farmed mink infections (acquired from humans) have led to infection of other farm workers in turn, with a recent outbreak of a mink variant in humans in Denmark. A thorough examination of the current knowledge and evidence of the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect different animal species is therefore vital to evaluate the threat of animal to human transmission and reverse zoonosis.
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