Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v13040588
Keywords
mouse model; infection; hepatitis delta; NTCP; human liver chimeric mice; HDV persistence; HDV replication; host restriction factors; innate immunity; chronic viral hepatitis
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Funding
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [SFB 841 A5, SFB 841 A8]
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF-BMBF) [TTU-hepatitis 05.816, 05.820, 05.822]
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The discovery of NTCP as the entry receptor for HBV and HDV has spurred the development of new animal models for infection. This review provides an overview of current in vivo models for studying HDV, highlighting the importance of human host factors beyond NTCP and the potential for developing therapeutic strategies based on species-specific factors.
The discovery of sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) as a hepatitis B (HBV) and delta virus (HDV) entry receptor has encouraged the development of new animal models of infection. This review provides an overview of the different in vivo models that are currently available to study HDV either in the absence or presence of HBV. By presenting new advances and remaining drawbacks, we will discuss human host factors which, in addition to NTCP, need to be investigated or identified to enable a persistent HDV infection in murine hepatocytes. Detailed knowledge on species-specific factors involved in HDV persistence also shall contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies.
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