Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
Volume 39, Issue 9, Pages 3503-3508Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03634-4
Keywords
Pulsed Thulium:YAG laser; Continuous wave Thulium:YAG laser (CW); Holmium:YAG laser; Tissue interaction
Categories
Funding
- Projekt DEAL
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The study aimed to evaluate the laser-tissue effects of a newly developed high frequency pulsed Tm:YAG laser in comparison to two other laser systems. Results showed that increasing laser power led to increased incision depth and laser damage zone for all lasers. The pulsed Tm:YAG laser exhibited the most controllable behavior with increasing power, showing even growth of tissue effect.
Purpose The objective of this study is to evaluate the laser-tissue effects of laser radiation emitted by a newly developed high frequency pulsed Tm:YAG laser in comparison to the continuous wave Tm:YAG laser and the pulsed Ho:YAG laser. Methods Ex-vivo experiments were performed on freshly slaughtered porcine kidneys in a physiological saline solution. Experiments were performed using two different laser devices in different settings: A Tm:YAG laser was operated in a pulsed mode up to 300 Hz and in a continuous wave (CW) mode. Results were compared with a 100 W standard pulsed Ho:YAG laser system. Comparative tissue experiments were performed at 5 W, 40 W and 80 W. The incision depth and the laser damage zone were measured under a microscope using a calibrated ocular scale. Results Increased laser power resulted in increased incision depth and increased laser damage zone for all investigated lasers in this set-up. The Ho:YAG created the largest combined tissue effect at the 5 W power setting and seems to be the least controllable laser at low power for soft tissue incisions. The CW Tm:YAG did not incise at all at 5 W, but created the largest laser damage zone. For the new pulsed Tm:YAG laser the tissue effect grew evenly with increasing power. Conclusion Among the investigated laser systems in this setting the pulsed Tm:YAG laser shows the most controllable behavior, insofar as both the incision depth and the laser damage zone increase evenly with increasing laser power.
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