Journal
WATER RESEARCH
Volume 194, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116939
Keywords
Flow-electrode capacitive deionization; Fluidized bed crystallization; Phosphate removal and recovery; Vivianite
Funding
- Australian Research Council through ARC Linkage Grant [LP 170101180]
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control [20K09ESPCT]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51878048, 51478040]
- Beijing Originwater Technology Co., Ltd.
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Efficient removal and recovery of phosphate from wastewater is crucial for environmental and economic benefits. Recent efforts have focused on harvesting phosphate as vivianite, a potential slow-release fertilizer and precursor for lithium iron phosphate production. A novel process involving flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) and fluidized bed crystallization (FBC) has shown promising results in P concentration and immobilization. The study provides a pathway for sustainable phosphorus recovery from rich wastewaters.
It is critical to both effectively remove and recover phosphate (P) from wastewater given the wide-ranging environmental (i.e., preventing eutrophication and restoring water quality) and economic (i.e., overcoming P resource scarcity) benefits. More recently, considerable academic effort has been devoted towards harvesting P as vivianite, which can be used as a potential slow-release fertilizer and possible reagent for the manufacture of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), the precursor in fabricating Li-ion secondary batteries. In this study, we propose an innovative P recovery process, in which P is first preconcentrated via a flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) device followed by immobilization as vivianite crystals in a fluidized bed crystallization (FBC) column. The effects of different operational parameters on FCDI P preconcentration performance and energy consumption are investigated. Results show that 63% of P can be removed and concentrated in the flow-electrode chamber with a reasonable energy requirement under optimal operating conditions. The FBC system resulted in immobilization of similar to 80% of P as triangular or quadrangular pellets, which were verified to be high-purity vivianite crystals by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. This study provides a pathway for efficient recovery of P as a value-added product (i.e., vivianite) from P-rich wastewaters. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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