4.7 Article

Novel role of CXCL14 in modulating STAR expression in luteinized granulosa cells: implication for progesterone synthesis in PCOS patients

Journal

TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
Volume 230, Issue -, Pages 55-67

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.10.009

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Key RAMP
  2. D Program of China [2017YFC1001403, 2019YFA0802604]
  3. National Natural Science Foundation of China [81771648, 81901550]
  4. Shanghai leading talent program
  5. Innovative research team of high-level local universities in Shanghai [SSMU-ZLCX20180401]
  6. Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support [20161413]
  7. Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader in Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning [2017BR015]
  8. Shanghai Technological Innovation Plan [18140902400]
  9. Shanghai Sailing Program [19YF1428300]
  10. Shanghai Commission of Science and Technology [17DZ2271100]

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PCOS patients exhibit reduced progesterone levels and dysfunction in steroidogenesis, possibly due to decreased levels of CXCL14 in follicular fluid and hGL cells. CXCL14 administration can partially reverse the low progesterone production and STAR expression in hGL cells by activating CREB phosphorylation via p38 and JNK pathways. This novel role of CXCL14 in upregulating STAR expression and progesterone synthesis may contribute to the dysfunction in granulosa cells from PCOS patients.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in reproductive-age women. Reduced progesterone levels are associated with luteal phase deficiency in women with PCOS. The levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-14 (CXCL14) were previously reported to be decreased in human-luteinized granulosa (hGL) cells derived from PCOS patients. However, the function of CXCL14 in hGL cells and whether CXCL14 affects the synthesis of progesterone in hGL cells remain unclear. In the present study, the levels of CXCL14 were reduced in follicular fluid and hGL cells in PCOS patients, accompanied by decreased progesterone levels in follicular fluid and decreased steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) expression in hGL cells. CXCL14 administration partially reversed the low progesterone production and STAR expression in hGL cells obtained from PCOS patients. In primary hGL cells, CXCL14 upregulated STAR expression and progesterone production. CXCL14 activated the phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) and CREB inhibitor attenuated the modulation of StAR expression by CXCL14. P38 and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways were also activated by CXCL14 and inhibition of p38 and JNK attenuated the increase of phosphorylation of CREB, STAR expression and progesterone production caused by CXCL14. Our findings revealed the novel role of CXCL14 in upregulation of STAR expression and progesterone synthesis through CREB phosphorylation via activation of p38 and JNK pathways in hGL cells. This is likely contributing to the dysfunction in steroidogenesis in granulosa cells from PCOS patients.

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