Journal
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
Volume 133, Issue 4, Pages 289-297Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/acps.12528
Keywords
schizophrenia; metabolic syndrome; cognition; premorbid functioning
Categories
Funding
- Dutch Health Research Council (ZON-MW) [10-000-1001]
- Lundbeck
- AstraZeneca
- Eli Lilly
- Janssen-Cilag
- Amsterdam: Academic Psychiatric Center of the Academic Medical Center
- GGZ Ingeest
- Arkin
- Dijk en Duin
- GGZ Rivierduinen
- Erasmus Medical Center
- GGZ Noord Holland Noord
- Maastricht: Maastricht University Medical Center
- GGZ Eindhoven en de kempen
- GGZ Breburg
- GGZ Oost-Brabant
- Vincent van Gogh voor Geestelijke Gezondheid
- Mondriaan Zorggroep
- Prins Clauscentrum Sittard
- RIAGG Roermond
- Universitair Centrum Sint-Jozef Kortenberg
- CAPRI University of Antwerp
- PC Ziekeren Sint-Truiden
- PZ Sancta Maria Sint-Truiden
- GGZ Overpelt
- OPZ Rekem
- Groningen: University Medical Center Groningen
- Lentis
- GGZ Friesland
- GGZ Drenthe
- Dimence
- Mediant
- GGNet Warnsveld
- Yulius Dordrecht
- Parnassia psychomedical center (The Hague)
- Utrecht: University Medical Center Utrecht
- Altrecht
- GGZ Centraal
- Riagg Amersfoort
- Delta
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ObjectiveMore than 40% of patients with schizophrenia have an additional diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome (MS), possibly related to poor cognition. This study investigated premorbid and current cognitive functioning in schizophrenia and co-occurrence of MS. MethodA total of 104 participants with schizophrenia with MS and 142 without MS were included. Neuropsychological assessment was carried out using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III, Word Learning Task, and Continuous Performance Test-HQ. Premorbid functioning was assessed retrospectively with the Premorbid Adjustment Scale. anovas were used to examine differences between participants with and without MS. ResultsSubjects with and without MS did not differ concerning current, lifetime and amount substance use, duration/severity of illness, parental socioeconomic status (SES), and type/amount of antipsychotic medication. We found that poor school performance between the ages 12 and 16 is associated with MS in schizophrenia. Educational level and current cognitive functioning in participants with MS deviate as compared to those without MS. ConclusionSubjects with MS had impaired premorbid cognition in adolescence and lower educational achievement, irrespective of parental SES. This suggests poor premorbid cognitive functioning is a risk factor for metabolic complications later in life. Future studies are needed to examine whether cognitive interventions have beneficial effects on general health in schizophrenia.
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