Journal
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
Volume 217, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11214-021-00816-9
Keywords
MEDA instrument; Mars2020; Perseverance; Instruments; Mars; Atmosphere; Pressure; Wind; Temperature; Surface temperature; Albedo; Dust; Clouds; UV; Thermal infrared; Radiation fluxes
Categories
Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [ESP2014-54256-C4-1-R, ESP2014-54256-C4-2-R, ESP2014-54256-C4-3-R, ESP2014-54256-C4-4-R, AYA2015-65041-P]
- Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities [ESP2016-79612-C3-1-R, ESP2016-79612-C3-2-R, ESP2016-79612-C3-3-R, ESP2016-80320-C2-1-R, RTI2018-098728-B-C31, RTI2018-098728-B-C32, RTI2018-098728-B-C33, RTI2018-099825-B-C31]
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial
- Ministry of Science and Innovation's Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology
- Grupos Gobierno Vasco [IT1366-19]
- European Research Council [818602]
- NASA's Mars 2020 project
- Game Changing Development program within the Space Technology Mission Directorate
- Human Exploration and Operations Directorate
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The Mars 2020 rover mission includes the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) to monitor environmental conditions near the surface of Mars and constrain bulk aerosol properties. MEDA consists of a set of meteorological sensors to measure temperature, wind speed, and pressure, along with radiation and dust sensors to infer aerosol physical properties.
NASA's Mars 2020 (M2020) rover mission includes a suite of sensors to monitor current environmental conditions near the surface of Mars and to constrain bulk aerosol properties from changes in atmospheric radiation at the surface. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) consists of a set of meteorological sensors including wind sensor, a barometer, a relative humidity sensor, a set of 5 thermocouples to measure atmospheric temperature at similar to 1.5 m and similar to 0.5 m above the surface, a set of thermopiles to characterize the thermal IR brightness temperatures of the surface and the lower atmosphere. MEDA adds a radiation and dust sensor to monitor the optical atmospheric properties that can be used to infer bulk aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution, non-sphericity, and concentration. The MEDA package and its scientific purpose are described in this document as well as how it responded to the calibration tests and how it helps prepare for the human exploration of Mars. A comparison is also presented to previous environmental monitoring payloads landed on Mars on the Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix, MSL, and InSight spacecraft.
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