Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 767, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144211
Keywords
Fruit supply chain; Carbon policy; Technology innovation; Carbon tax; Land sparing; Price equilibrium model
Categories
Funding
- United States Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT) Center for Transportation, Environment, and Community Health (CTECH)
- Cornell University, At (ACSF) through the Academic Venture Fund Program
- U.S. Department of Transportation's University Transportation Centers Program
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This study examines the impact of carbon emission reduction measures on the US apple supply chain using a mathematical model, finding that developing storage technologies with lower carbon emission rates holds the greatest potential for emission reduction. However, carbon taxes, while also effective in reducing emissions, may lead to decreased apple production and increased consumer prices.
Reducing carbon emissions of food supply chains has increasingly received attention from businesses and policymakers. In order to propose sound policies aimed at lowering such emissions, policy makers favor tools that are informative in the economic and environmental dimensions simultaneously. In this study we offer a systems-based approach which is intended to do just that by developing a spatially and temporally disaggregated price equilibrium mathematical model for a food production and distribution system and applying it to the US. apple supply chain. We considered three emission reduction interventions: a carbon tax, a land-sparing incentive, and new emission-reduction technologies. We find that R&D which leads to storage technologies with lower carbon emission rates has the greatest potential for emission reduction. Carbon taxes also has the potential to reduce emissions, but at the cost of decreasing apple production and increasing consumer price. These results are unexpected and important, particularly since several countries are implementing carbon taxes and/or land sparing/sharing strategies. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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