Journal
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
Volume 180, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106355
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Vaccination; Primary prevention
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Despite efforts of non-pharmacological interventions and tracing-testing strategy, SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread globally. Development of vaccines with different mechanisms of action is progressing, but challenges such as real-life effectiveness and emerging variants remain.
Non-pharmacological interventions and tracing-testing strategy proved insufficient to reduce SARS-CoV-2 spreading worldwide. Several vaccines with different mechanisms of action are currently under development. This review describes the potential target antigens evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in the context of both conventional and next-generation platforms. We reported experimental data from phase-3 trials with a focus on different definitions of efficacy as well as factors affecting real-life effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, including logistical issues associated to vaccine availability, delivery, and immunization strategies. On this background, new variants of SARS-CoV-2 are discussed. We also provided a critical view on vaccination in special populations at higher risk of infection or severe disease as elderly people, pregnant women and immunocompromised patients. A final paragraph addresses safety on the light of the unprecedented reduction of length of the vaccine development process and faster authorization.
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