Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 118, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019128118
Keywords
disuse; plasticity; fMRI; spontaneous activity; network neuroscience
Categories
Funding
- NIH [NS110332, NS088590, TR000448, MH124567, MH096773, MH122066, MH1000872, MH112473, NS090978, MH104592, NS080675, NS098577]
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Sciences Research and Development Service Grant [1IK2CX001680]
- Kiwanis Neuroscience Research Foundation
- Jacobs Foundation [2016121703]
- Child Neurology Foundation
- McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience
- McDonnell Foundation
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Grant [14-011]
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders
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During upper-limb casting, disused motor regions showed increased connectivity to the cingulo-opercular network, primarily mediated by large, spontaneous activity pulses. This led to a standby mode characterized by spontaneous activity pulses in the disused motor circuits.
Whole-brain resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) during 2 wk of upper-limb casting revealed that disused motor regions became more strongly connected to the cingulo-opercular network (CON), an executive control network that includes regions of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and insula. Disuse-driven increases in functional connectivity (FC) were specific to the CON and somatomotor networks and did not involve any other networks, such as the salience, frontoparietal, or default mode networks. Censoring and modeling analyses showed that FC increases during casting were mediated by large, spontaneous activity pulses that appeared in the disused motor regions and CON control regions. During limb constraint, disused motor circuits appear to enter a standby mode characterized by spontaneous activity pulses and strengthened connectivity to CON executive control regions.
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