Cornus sanguinea Fruits: a Source of Antioxidant and Antisenescence Compounds Acting on Aged Human Dermal and Gingival Fibroblasts *

Five new compounds, a flavonol glycoside ( 1 ), a megastigmane ( 2 ), 2 cyclohexylethanoids ( 3, 4 ), and a phenylethanoid derivative ( 5 ), together with 15 known compounds ( 6 - 20 ) including flavonoid glycosides, cyclohexylethanoids, and phenolic compounds, have been isolated from Cornus sanguinea drupes. All the structures have been determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry data. The antioxidant capability of the most representative isolated compounds was evaluated in the hydrogen peroxide (H (2) O (2) )-induced premature cellular senescence model of human dermal and gingival fibroblasts. Several derivatives counteracted the increase of reactive oxigen species (ROS) production in both cellular models. Among the most promising, compounds 8, 14 , and 20 were able to counteract cell senescence, decreasing the expression of p21 and p53. Furthermore, compound 14 decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) in both cell models and counteracted the decrease of collagen expression induced by the H (2) O (2) in dermal human fibroblasts. These data highlight the anti-aging properties of several isolated compounds from C. sanguinea drupes, supporting its possible use in the cure of skin or periodontitis lesions.

Automated summary

This study isolated five new compounds from Cornus sanguinea drupes, along with 15 known compounds, and evaluated their antioxidant and anti-aging properties in human dermal and gingival fibroblasts. The results showed that several derivatives were effective in counteracting reactive oxygen species production and cell senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide, highlighting the potential use of these compounds in treating skin or periodontitis lesions.