Nonequilibrium Green's Functions for Functional Connectivity in the Brain

A theoretical framework describing the set of interactions between neurons in the brain, or functional connectivity, should include dynamical functions representing the propagation of signal from one neuron to another. Green's functions and response functions are natural candidates for this but, while they are conceptually very useful, they are usually defined only for linear time-translationally invariant systems. The brain, instead, behaves nonlinearly and in a time-dependent way. Here, we use nonequilibrium Green's functions to describe the time-dependent functional connectivity of a continuous-variable network of neurons. We show how the connectivity is related to the measurable response functions, and provide two illustrative examples via numerical calculations, inspired from Caenorhabditis elegans.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the time-dependent functional connectivity between neurons in the brain, using nonequilibrium Green's functions to describe the dynamic behavior of neuron networks. Through numerical calculations and examples inspired by Caenorhabditis elegans, the relationship between connectivity and response functions is demonstrated.