Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Volume 57, Issue 1, Pages 269-278Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1316-8
Keywords
Coffee; Hydroxycinnamic acids; Diabetes; Hypertension; Weight loss; Metabolic syndrome
Categories
Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity [AGL2010-18269]
- Spanish National Research Council under the JAE-Pre programme - European Social Fund
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Purpose Preventive health effects of coffee could have a widespread impact on public health. Green coffee has more phenols than roasted, and thus is healthier, although with less acceptable organoleptic properties. Therefore, the effects of regularly consuming a green/roasted coffee blend (35/65) on the main components of MetS in humans were evaluated. Methods A crossover, randomized, controlled study was performed in 25 normocholesterolaemic and 27 hypercholesterolaemic men and women aged 18-45 years with BMI 18-25 kg/m(2). Three servings/day of the blend, providing 510.6 mg hydroxycinnamic acids and 121.2 mg caffeine/day, were consumed versus a control drink, during 8 weeks each. Polyphenol and methylxanthine-rich foods were restricted along the study. At the beginning (baseline) and end of the control and coffee interventions, blood samples were collected and glucose, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), resistin and visfatin were analysed; waist circumference, % body fat, and blood pressure were measured and dietary records and physical activity questionnaires completed. Results Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) in both groups as well as % body fat (p = 0.001) which may be related to the lower leptin (p = 0.001), PAI-1 (p < 0.001) and resistin (p = 0.034) levels in the two groups after coffee consumption. Glucose concentration (p = 0.030) and insulin resistance (p = 0.011; HOMA-IR) also decreased, as well as triglyceride levels (p = 0.017), so that the reduction was much greater in the hypercholesterolaemics (group effect, p = 0.027). Conclusion Regular consumption of the green/roasted coffee blend may be recommended to healthy and hypercholesterolaemic subjects to prevent MetS, as it produces positive effects on blood pressure, glucose and triglyceride levels.
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