4.8 Article

Optically Driven Gold Nanoparticles Seed Surface Bubble Nucleation in Plasmonic Suspension

Journal

NANO LETTERS
Volume 21, Issue 13, Pages 5485-5492

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04913

Keywords

gold nanoparticles; plasmonic heating; microbubble dynamics; optical force

Funding

  1. National Science Foundation [1706039]
  2. Center for the Advancement of Science in Space [GA-2018-268]
  3. Dorini Family endowed professorship in energy studies
  4. National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT) [NRF-2021R1C1C1006251]
  5. Notre Dame Integrated Imaging Facility (NDIF)
  6. Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
  7. Directorate For Engineering [1706039] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

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The study reveals that NPs deposited on the transparent substrate by optical forces play a key role in the nucleation of photothermal surface bubbles. The formation of surface bubbles is influenced by the different laser power density thresholds depending on whether the surface is facing or facing away from the light propagation direction.
Photothermal surface bubbles play important roles in applications like microfluidics and biosensing, but their formation on transparent substrates immersed in a plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) suspension has an unknown origin. Here, we reveal NPs deposited on the transparent substrate by optical forces are responsible for the nucleation of such photothermal surface bubbles. We show the surface bubble formation is always preceded by the optically driven NPs moving toward and deposited to the surface. Interestingly, such optically driven motion can happen both along and against the photon stream. The laser power density thresholds to form a surface bubble drastically differ depending on if the surface is forward- or backward-facing the light propagation direction. We attributed this to different optical power densities needed to enable optical pulling and pushing of NPs in the suspension, as optical pulling requires higher light intensity to excite supercavitation around NPs to enable proper optical configuration.

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