Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 26, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061644
Keywords
carnosine; anti-cancer; cytokine; β -alanyl-l-histidine; immunomodulation
Funding
- Centre for Chronic Disease and the Immunology Program, Victoria University
- Immunology and Translational Group, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne VIC Australia
- Royal Australasian College of Physicians Fellows Career Development Fellowship
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Carnosine demonstrates potential anti-cancer properties by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, upregulating expression of pro-inflammatory molecules, modulating cytokine secretion, and altering cell phenotype.
Background: Carnosine is a dipeptide molecule (beta-alanyl-l-histidine) with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycation, and chelating properties. It is used in exercise physiology as a food supplement to increase performance; however, in vitro evidence suggests that carnosine may exhibit anti-cancer properties. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of carnosine on breast, ovarian, colon, and leukemic cancer cell proliferation. We further examined U937 promonocytic, human myeloid leukemia cell phenotype, gene expression, and cytokine secretion to determine if these are linked to carnosine's anti-proliferative properties. Results: Carnosine (1) inhibits breast, ovarian, colon, and leukemic cancer cell proliferation; (2) upregulates expression of pro-inflammatory molecules; (3) modulates cytokine secretion; and (4) alters U937 differentiation and phenotype. Conclusion: These effects may have implications for a role for carnosine in anti-cancer therapy.
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