Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 26, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071876
Keywords
Box– Behnken design; parthenolide; T; camphoratus; HPTLC analysis; cytotoxicity
Funding
- Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University [RGP-150]
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The study developed an optimized microwave-assisted extraction method using Box-Behnken design to efficiently extract parthenolide from Tarchonanthus camphoratus stem, validated by HPTLC and cytotoxic analysis. The results showed successful extraction of high parthenolide content, exhibiting good cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines.
Parthenolide, a strong cytotoxic compound found in different parts of Tarchonanthus camphoratus which motivated the authors to develop an optimized microwave-assisted extraction (MEA) method using Box-Behnken design (BBD) for efficient extraction of parthenolide from the stem of T. camphoratus and its validation by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and cytotoxic analysis. The optimized parameters for microwave extraction were determined as: 51.5 degrees C extraction temperature, 50.8 min extraction time, and 211 W microwave power. A quadratic polynomial model was found the most suitable model with R-2 of 0.9989 and coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.2898%. The high values of adjusted R-2 (0.9974), predicted R-2 (0.9945), and signal-to-noise ratio (74.23) indicated a good correlation and adequate signal, respectively. HPTLC analyzed the parthenolide (R-f = 0.16) content in T. camphoratus methanol extract (TCME) at lambda(max) = 575 nm and found it as 0.9273% +/- 0.0487% w/w, which was a higher than expected yield (0.9157% w/w). The TCME exhibited good cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines (IC50 = 30.87 and 35.41 mu g/mL, respectively), which further supported our findings of high parthenolide content in TCME. This optimized MAE method can be further applied to efficiently extract parthenolide from marketed herbal supplements containing different Tarconanthus species.
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