4.7 Article

Chickpea Extract Ameliorates Metabolic Syndrome Symptoms via Restoring Intestinal Ecology and Metabolic Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Journal

MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
Volume 65, Issue 13, Pages -

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100007

Keywords

16S rRNA gene sequencing; chickpea extract; gut microbiota; metabolites; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1803123, U1903211]
  2. Zhongshan Science and Technology Program [2016C1015]
  3. Science Program for Overseas Scholar of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Torch Program) [XH20170111]
  4. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation [2017B030314030]
  5. National Engineering and Technology Research Center for New drug Druggability Evaluation [2017B090903004]

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This study found that chickpea extract can improve hyperglycemia, inflammatory state, organ functions, and relieve intestinal dysbiosis in diabetic rats. It restores amino acids degradation, bile acids metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism as prebiotics to prevent diabetes.
Scope Chickpeas have been recognized as a natural Uyghur medicine in Xinjiang (China) for 2500 years. Although the phenotypic effect on obesity or diabetes was authenticated, the mechanism was unclear. This work aims to study the effect of chickpea extract (CE) on metabolic syndrome induced by type 2 diabetes and to reveal its related mechanisms, focusing on intestinal flora and metabolomics. Methods and results Diabetic rats are induced by a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. CE supplementation (3 g kg(-1)) for 4 weeks improved the hyperglycemia, inflammatory state, and organ functions of diabetic rats. The metabolic profile trajectories of urine and faeces obtained by NMR have good separations among all groups, and CE significantly increases the contents of SCFAs in the cecum. Moreover, CE relieves intestinal dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria (e.g., Enterococcaceae) but reduces conditional pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Corynebacterium). PICRUSt predicts the functions of gut microbiome from the 16S rRNA gene sequences and metagenome, and finds that CE restored amino acids degradation, bile acids metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusion This study elucidates the role of CE from the perspective of metabolomics and the microbiota, which provides evidence for chickpea as a prebiotic to prevent diabetes.

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