Journal
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
Volume 48, Issue 3, Pages 2791-2802Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06266-4
Keywords
Urinary bladder neoplasms; Oxidative stress; Carcinogenesis; Antioxidant activity; Therapeutics; Antineoplastic drug resistance
Categories
Funding
- National Funds via Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Portugal [UID/NEU/04539/2019, UIDB/04539/2020, UIDP/04539/2020]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/136973/2018]
- Bolsa de Investigacao JABA RECORDATI Urologia 2017
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/136973/2018] Funding Source: FCT
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Bladder cancer is a common cancer of the urinary tract, presenting a significant challenge despite advancements in treatment. Recent research suggests that cancer cells experience increased stress associated with oncogenic transformation, leading to changes in metabolic activity and generation of ROS. The close link between oxidative stress and bladder cancer has implications for prevention, carcinogenesis, prognosis, and treatment.
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common cancer of the urinary tract and despite all innovations, remains a major challenge due to high morbidity and mortality. Genomic and epigenetic analyses allowed the discovery of new genes and pathways involved in the pathogenesis and regulation of BC. However, the effect on mortality has been modest and the development of new targets for BC treatment are needed. Recent evidence suggests that cancer cells are under increased stress associated with oncogenic transformation, with changes in metabolic activity and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The increased amounts of ROS in cancer cells are associated with stimulation of cellular proliferation, promotion of mutations and genetic instability, as well as alterations in cellular sensitivity to anticancer agents. Since these mechanisms occur in cancer cells, there is a close link between oxidative stress (OS) and BC with implications in prevention, carcinogenesis, prognosis, and treatment. We address the role of OS as an enemy towards BC development, as well as an ally to fight against BC. This review promises to expand our treatment options for BC with OS-based therapies and launches this approach as an opportunity to improve our ability to select patients most likely to respond to personalized therapy.
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