A comparison between corrosion performances of titanium grade 2 and 7 in strong reducing acids

Titanium has a good corrosion resistance, owing to a thin, compact oxide layer that is formed spontaneously when the metal is exposed to the environment. However, even titanium can be subject to corrosion, for example, when exposed to reducing strong acids. This paper aims to analyze the differences in corrosion resistance of commercially pure titanium (Ti grade 2) and the most resistant Ti-Pd alloy (Ti grade 7, similar to 0.2% Pd) in a strong reducing acid environment. Immersion tests, with results collected in the form of corrosion rates, are provided in the first part of the present work. Corrosion morphology is investigated using optical microscopy and laser profilometry. Then, an electrochemical characterization of both metals has been performed by means of cathodic polarization tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and linear polarization resistance. Weight loss data, electrochemical tests, and corrosion morphology are in good agreement: H2SO4, HCl, and oxalic acid are the most aggressive chemicals for commercially pure titanium. In such conditions, the use of Ti grade 7 appears mandatory.

Automated summary

This study compared the corrosion resistance of commercially pure titanium and the Ti-Pd alloy in a strong reducing acid environment, finding that sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and oxalic acid were the most aggressive chemicals for commercially pure titanium. Therefore, the use of Ti grade 7 is necessary under such conditions.