Considerations on salts used for density separation in the extraction of microplastics from sediments

Environmental contamination by plastics and microplastics is a recognised problem worldwide, and it is the focus of many research teams. In the quantification of microplastics in the environment (plastic items with dimensions between 1 ?m and 5 mm), the search for shared and universally recognised protocols and methodologies is still ongoing. In this study, the use of a method for extracting microplastics from marine sediments based on density separation has been considered. Fifty studies were analysed to investigate the scenario of salts exploited during microplastic extraction. The most commonly used salts are NaCl (45.6%), ZnCl2 (19.3%) and NaI (17.5%). Considerations related to cost, availability, hazards of the salts and thus the repeatability of the related extraction method are reported. In light of the findings, NaCl remains the most readily usable, economical and effective salt for the extraction of microplastics from marine sediments.

Automated summary

This study analyzed fifty studies to investigate the salts most commonly used for microplastic extraction, with NaCl, ZnCl2, and NaI being the top choices. The report concluded that NaCl remains the most readily usable, economical, and effective salt for extracting microplastics from marine sediments.