Journal
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
Volume 16, Issue 9, Pages 1523-1532Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.03.027
Keywords
Nab-paclitaxel; Docetaxel; Previously treated; Non-small cell lung cancer
Categories
Funding
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund [26-A-22, 29-A-3, 2020-A-13]
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The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel in previously treated advanced NSCLC patients, showing noninferiority in overall survival compared to docetaxel. Furthermore, nab-paclitaxel demonstrated a higher objective response rate and longer progression-free survival.
Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab-) paclitaxel for previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods: In this randomized, open-label, noninferiority phase 3 trial, we enrolled patients with advanced NSCLC previously treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy. Patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive docetaxel (60 mg/m(2)) on day 1 or nab-paclitaxel (100 mg/m(2)) on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 21-day cycle. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. Results: Between May 22, 2015, and March 12, 2018, a total of 503 patients were randomly allocated to the treatment Median OS was 16.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.4-19.0) for the 252 patients allocated to nab-paclitaxel and 13.6 months (95% CI: 10.9-16.5) for the 251 patients allocated to docetaxel (hazard ratio = 0.85, 95.2% CI: 0.68-1.07). Median progression-free survival was 4.2 months (95% CI: 3.9-5.0) for the nab-paclitaxel group versus 3.4 months (95% CI: 2.9-4.1) for the docetaxel group (hazard ratio = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.92, p = 0.0042). The objective response rate was 29.9% (95% CI: 24.0-36.2) for the nab-paclitaxel group and 15.4% (95% CI: 10.9-20.7) for the docetaxel group (p = 0.0002). Adverse events of grade greater than or equal to 3 included febrile neutropenia (5 of 245 patients [2%] in the nabpaclitaxel group versus 55 of 249 patients [22%] in the docetaxel group) and peripheral sensory neuropathy (24 [10%] versus 2 [1%], respectively). Conclusions: Nab-paclitaxel was noninferior to docetaxel in terms of OS. It should, thus, be considered a standard treatment option for previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC. (C) 2021 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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