Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 168, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/abf8d9
Keywords
Electrolyte Transport Properties; Lithium Ion; Sodium Ion; Transference Number; Diffusion Coefficient; Thermodynamic Factor
Funding
- Bavarian Ministry of Economic Affairs and Media, Energy, and Technology under the EEBatt project
- BMBF (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany) within the ExZellTUM II project [03XP0081]
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The research focuses on developing new active materials for reversible storage of sodium ions to improve energy density of batteries, but attention should also be directed towards ionic transport and thermodynamic parameters in the electrolyte for enhancing power density, which could allow for increased discharge currents or electrode loading in high power applications for sodium-ion batteries.
To bridge the gap between current lithium-ion battery technology and alternative cell chemistries such as, e.g., sodium-ion batteries, the majority of the research in this field focuses on the improvement of the cell's energy density by the development of new active materials for reversible storage of sodium ions. On the other hand, the power density, which is determined by the ionic transport and thermodynamic parameters in the electrolyte, namely the conductivity, the thermodynamic factor, the transference number, and the diffusion coefficient, is attracting little attention. In this contribution, we determine these electrolyte properties for 0.1 M to 2 M LiPF6 and NaPF6 in a mixture of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (EC:DEC (1:1 v:v)) and use them in 1D simulations to show their impact on the theoretical discharge rate performance of the lithium and sodium cell chemistry. We show that the increased cation size of sodium and its corresponding weaker solvent interactions are beneficial for high power applications and that the improved ionic transport properties would allow for a substantial increase of either the (dis)charge currents or the electrode areal loading, compared to the well-established lithium system.
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