Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 46, Issue 8, Pages 2008-2017Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646309
Keywords
Chemokines; Homing; Pregnancy; Thymus; Tolerance; T-lymphoid progenitor
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During normal pregnancy, the thymus undergoes a severe reduction in size and thymocyte output, which may contribute to maternal-fetal tolerance. It is presently unknown whether the pregnancy-induced thymic involution also affects nonlymphoid thymic cell populations and whether these changes in stromal cells play a role in the reduction in thymocyte numbers. Here, we characterize the changes in thymic lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells and show that pregnancy results in a reduction of all major thymic lymphoid cell populations, including the early T-lymphoid progenitors (TLPs) and thymic regulatory T cells. In addition to the thymocytes, the thymic involution also includes all major nonlymphoid cell populations, which show a profound reduction in cell numbers. We also show that during pregnancy, the thymic nonlymphoid cells exhibit decreased expression of chemokines that are essential for TLP homing: CCL25, CXCL12, CCL21, and CCL19. In addition, the expression of these chemokines was substantially downregulated by shortterm treatment with progesterone but not estrogen. Collectively, these findings suggest a novel mechanism for the pregnancy-induced reduction in TLP homing and the resulting thymic involution.
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