Capacity of trace decreasing quantum operations and superadditivity of coherent information for a generalized erasure channel

Losses in quantum communication lines severely affect the rates of reliable information transmission and are usually considered to be state-independent. However, the loss probability does depend on the system state in general, with the polarization dependent losses being a prominent example. Here we analyze biased trace decreasing quantum operations that assign different loss probabilities to states and introduce the concept of a generalized erasure channel. We find lower and upper bounds for the classical and quantum capacities of the generalized erasure channel as well as characterize its degradability and antidegradability. We reveal superadditivity of coherent information in the case of the polarization dependent losses, with the difference between the two-letter quantum capacity and the single-letter quantum capacity exceeding 7.197 x 10(-3) bits per qubit sent, the greatest value among qubit-input channels reported so far.

Automated summary

Losses in quantum communication lines can be state-dependent, with polarization-dependent losses being a prominent example. This study introduces the concept of a generalized erasure channel and analyzes biased trace decreasing quantum operations. The results show superadditivity of coherent information in the case of polarization dependent losses, with a significant difference between two-letter and single-letter quantum capacity.