Journal
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
Volume 84, Issue 4, Pages 1261-1270Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01324
Keywords
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Funding
- Ramathibodi Research Cluster Grant [CF63010]
- Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council through Program Management Unit for Competitiveness [C10F630093]
- Royal Golden Jubilee (RGJ) Ph.D. Program Scholarship from the Thailand Research Fund [PHD/0009/2558, RGJ 18]
- Faculty Staff Development Program of the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital
- Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council of Thailand (NXPO
- PMU-B)
- Ramathibodi Foundation
- Thailand Center of Excellence for Life Sciences (TCELS) Grant [TC-A15/63]
- Chaophaya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital Foundation
- Mahidol University, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital
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This study investigated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide in human lung epithelial cells, showing that they significantly inhibited the production of infectious virions with low cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that A. paniculata and andrographolide have potential as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major health problem, affecting more than 50 million people with over one million deaths globally. Effective antivirals are still lacking. Here, we optimized a high-content imaging platform and the plaque assay for viral output study using the legitimate model of human lung epithelial cells, Calu-3, to determine the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of Andrographis paniculata extract and its major component, andrographolide. SARS-CoV-2 at 25TCID(50) was able to reach the maximal infectivity of 95% in Calu-3 cells. Postinfection treatment of A. paniculata and andrographolide in SARS-CoV-2-infected Calu-3 cells significantly inhibited the production of infectious virions with an IC50 of 0.036 mu g/mL and 0.034 mu M, respectively, as determined by the plaque assay. The cytotoxicity profile developed over the cell line representatives of major organs, including liver (HepG2 and imHC), kidney (HK-2), intestine (Caco-2), lung (Calu-3), and brain (SH-SYSY), showed a CC50 of >100 mu g/mL for A. paniculata extract and 13.2-81.5 mu M for andrographolide, respectively, corresponding to a selectivity index of over 380. In conclusion, this study provided experimental evidence in favor of A. paniculata and andrographolide for further development as a monotherapy or in combination with other effective drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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