Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
Volume 93, Issue 8, Pages 4930-4938Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27028
Keywords
atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; human immunodeficiency virus; IFN‐ stimulated genes; innate immunity; interferon
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Funding
- Sapienza Universita di Roma
- Finanziamenti di ateneo per la Ricerca Scientifica [RP11916B6EC60AF3]
- Ricerca Ateneo Sapienza [801/2019]
- Ricerche Universitarie [2017 RM11715C586062AF]
- Gilead Sciences Gilead fellowship Programme
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The study revealed elevated levels of IFN-I in HIV-1 infected patients, which were associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease risk.
Given human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients have alterations in the type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway and are also at elevated risk of atherosclerosis, we evaluated IFN-I response and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) association in HIV-1-infected patients. Transcript levels of IFN-alpha/beta and IFN-stimulated gene 56 (ISG56) were evaluated by RT/real-time PCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from asymptomatic HIV-1-positive male patients at high risk of developing CVD (n = 34) and healthy subjects (n = 21). Stenosis degree (>= or <50%), calcium volume score, calcium Agatston score, and myocardial extracellular volume were examined by coronary computerized tomography scan. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), Framingham risk score, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score, and risk score developed by data collection on adverse effects of anti-HIV drugs (D:A:D) were also measured. Increased IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and ISG56 levels were observed in all HIV-1-infected males compared to healthy controls (p < .001 for all genes analyzed). HIV-1-infected patients with a stenosis degree >= 50% showed a higher Framingham risk score (p = .019), which was correlated with IFN-beta and ISG56 levels. HIV-1-infected males with enhanced IFN-I levels and stenosis displayed a higher ASCVD calculated risk (p = .011) and D:A:D score (p = .004). Also, there was a trend toward higher IFN-alpha and ISG56 mRNA levels in HIV-1-positive patients with an increased cIMT (p > .05). Dysregulation of IFN-I response might participate in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated CVD.
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