Crystal structure optimization, ultrasonic properties and morphology of Mg/Se co-dopant into annealed hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications

Binary doped hydroxyapatite (HAP) with selenite (SeO32-) and magnesium (Mg) ions have been fabricated in different contents of Mg(II) using the co-precipitation method. The crystal structure of the co-doped compositions has been investigated and showed that the crystallographic sites of Ca(2) are energetically preferred for Mg(II) substitution. Moreover, the c/a ratio indicates that crystal growth was promoted in a-direction upon additions of Mg(II). Furthermore, the maximum roughness peak height increased from 113.8 to 216.9 nm for x= 0.0 and 1.0, respectively. In addition, the microhardness has been examined and exhibited a growth upon Mg(II) contributions, starting from 2.4 +/- 0.1 GPa up to 4.6 +/- 0.3 GPa for the compositions of x=0.0 and 0.6, respectively. The cell viability was examined against human osteoblasts cell lines in vitro and progressed to 98.2 +/- 3.2% at x= 0.8. The high biocompatibility, thermal stability, and adequate mechanical properties encourage their utilization for numerous potential applications.

Automated summary

Binary doped hydroxyapatite with selenite and magnesium ions was synthesized via coprecipitation method, with investigations into crystal structure, physical properties, and cell viability. The study found that magnesium doping promoted crystal growth in the a-direction, increased roughness peak height and microhardness, and exhibited good cell viability against human osteoblasts cell lines.