Journal
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
Volume 111, Issue 2, Pages 489-496Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1002/JLB.4COVBCR0321-129R
Keywords
flow cytometry; HLA‐ DR; immunosuppression; sepsis
Categories
Funding
- Hospices Civils de Lyon
- Region Auvergne Rhone-Alpes
- Fondation HCL
- Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University
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The study explored the presence of LOX-1+ MDSC in bacterial and viral sepsis, finding significant increases in both patient groups, especially in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The persistence of these cells may contribute to long-lasting immunosuppression in patients.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive properties. In cancer patients, the expression of lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) on granulocytic MDSC identifies a subset of MDSC that retains the most potent immunosuppressive properties. The main objective of the present work was to explore the presence of LOX-1+ MDSC in bacterial and viral sepsis. To this end, whole blood LOX-1+ cells were phenotypically, morphologically, and functionally characterized. They were monitored in 39 coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19, viral sepsis) and 48 septic shock (bacterial sepsis) patients longitudinally sampled five times over a 3 wk period in intensive care units (ICUs). The phenotype, morphology, and immunosuppressive functions of LOX-1+ cells demonstrated that they were polymorphonuclear MDSC. In patients, we observed the significant emergence of LOX-1+ MDSC in both groups. The peak of LOX-1+ MDSC was 1 wk delayed with respect to ICU admission. In COVID-19, their elevation was more pronounced in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The persistence of these cells may contribute to long lasting immunosuppression leaving the patient unable to efficiently resolve infections.
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