Supremacy of Magnetic Behaviour in n-Heptane Based M Doped Barium Ferrite (BaFe2O4) Nanoparticles (M: Co, Ni and Mn)

The M doped BaFe2O4 (M-Co, Ni and Mn) nanoparticles were synthesized through auto combustion method by using n-heptane as a surfactant. And also the weight percentage (wt%) of metals such as cobalt, nickel and manganese (10 wt%, 8 wt% and 6 wt%) in BaFe2O4 was optimized. The prominent orientation (212) and (311) of M doped BaFe2O4 is confirmed from XRD especially in 10 wt% of respective metals. The addition of metal doped in barium ferrite specific vibration on 770 and 445 cm(-1) in FTIR spectra indicated the formation of M doped BaFe2O4. The influence of n-heptane as a surfactant on morphological change occurred in different metal doped was visualized from FESEM and TEM images. The different morphologies such as spherical, hexagonal platelets and small rectangular bar shaped were observed only by the inclusion of barium ferrite at surfactant medium. The analysis of EDX spectrum reflected the atomic percentage of elemental presence in the samples of M doped barium ferrite. Magnetic properties of these samples were studied by VSM. It revealed that 28.41 emu/g saturation magnetization (Ms) with 1655.64 Oe coercivity (Hc) and also induced ferromagnetic behaviour. The variation of dielectric constant indicated from dielectric study.

Automated summary

In this study, M-doped BaFe2O4 (M-Co, Ni, and Mn) nanoparticles were synthesized via auto combustion method, with the weight percentage of metals optimized. XRD and FTIR confirmed the structural and vibrational characteristics of the materials, while FESEM and TEM images visualized morphological changes induced by the surfactant n-heptane. The magnetic properties were analyzed using VSM, revealing ferromagnetic behavior, and dielectric constant variations were examined through dielectric studies.