Temperature dependence of the transverse piezoelectric properties in the [001]-poled 0.25Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.42Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3 single crystal with alternating current treatment

In this work, the transverse piezoelectric properties of the pre-direct current poled (DCP) 0.25Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O-3-0.42Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-0.33PbTiO(3) (0.25PIN-0.42PMN-0.33PT) single crystals were enhanced by the alternating current treatment (ACT) of 10kVp/cm (5.8kVrms/cm), 50Hz, and 20 cycles. The transverse piezoelectric constant d 31 of -1560pC/N and electromechanical coupling coefficient k 31 of 0.92 at room temperature were achieved in the DCP-ACT crystal, which were, respectively, 80% and 11% higher than those of the DCP crystal ( d 31 = - 870 N k 31 = 0.83 ) . Meanwhile, the elastic compliance constant S 11 E and dielectric permittivity epsilon 33 T epsilon 0 of the DCP-ACT crystal were, respectively, 78% and 46% higher than those of the DCP crystal. Based on the temperature dependence of dielectric properties and resonance curves, the d 31, epsilon 33 T epsilon 0, and S 11 E of the DCP-ACT crystal were higher than those of the DCP crystal in the R phase region. The DCP-ACT crystal also showed a higher T-Ferro (110 degrees C) than the DCP crystal (96 degrees C), which was related to the intermediate phase induced by ACT. The d 31 at T-ferro of the DCP-ACT crystal can be -3810pC/N, which was 2.3 times that of the DCP crystal (-1680pC/N). In the T phase region, the DCP-ACT crystal presented a high epsilon 33 T / epsilon 0 and attenuated impedance resonance. Moreover, ACT also affected the ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition. This could be related to the nanoscale heterogeneous polar region induced by ACT, which enhanced the inhomogeneous state in the relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystal. ACT is a potential way for improving the transverse piezoelectric properties of the PIN-PMN-PT single crystal.

Automated summary

In this study, the transverse piezoelectric properties of the PIN-PMN-PT single crystal were enhanced by alternating current treatment, resulting in higher piezoelectric constant and electromechanical coupling coefficient. The ACT also influenced the ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition, possibly due to the nanoscale heterogeneous polar region induced by ACT, enhancing the inhomogeneous state in the relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystal.