Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 69, Issue 17, Pages 5076-5085Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00083
Keywords
pathway engineering; carotenoids; capsanthin; paprika
Funding
- Smart Cell Project by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) [16100920-0]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [KAKENHI 19K23670]
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Successful biosynthesis of capsanthin in Escherichia coli was achieved by optimizing CCS gene expression and regulating upstream carotenogenic genes, laying a foundation for further research on CCS activity and capsanthin production in microorganisms.
Capsanthin, a characteristic red carotenoid found in the fruits of red pepper (Capsicum annuum), is widely consumed as a food and a functional coloring additive. An enzyme catalyzing capsanthin synthesis was identified as capsanthin/capsorubin synthase (CCS) in the 1990s, but no microbial production of capsanthin has been reported. We report here the first successful attempt to biosynthesize capsanthin in Escherichia coli by carotenoid-pathway engineering. Our initial attempt to coexpress eight enzyme genes required for capsanthin biosynthesis did not detect the desired product. The dual activity of CCS as a lycopene beta-cyclase as well as a capsanthin/capsorubin synthase likely complicated the task. We demonstrated that a particularly high expression level of the CCS gene and the minimization of byproducts by regulating the seven upstream carotenogenic genes were crucial for capsanthin formation in E. coli. Our results provide a platform for further study of CCS activity and capsanthin production in microorganisms.
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