Journal
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
Volume 87, Issue 4, Pages 1102-1109Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002687
Keywords
epigenetics; epigenetic aging; biological aging; perinatal HIV; HIV exposure
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [UL1 TR001873]
- (National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences) [R21 AG056175, R25 MH108389]
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This study found accelerated aging in African American young adults with perinatally acquired HIV infection, particularly in individuals with higher viral loads. However, there was no evidence of age acceleration with a measure independent of cell type composition.
Background: Prior studies have measured accelerated aging in people with HIV using a DNA methylation (DNAm)-based biomarker of aging, epigenetic age, but data are limited in African American (AA) young adults with perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIV). Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of AA young adults aged 20-35 years with PHIV (N = 31) and seronegative controls (N = 30) using DNAm measured in whole blood and cognitive function measured by the NIH Toolbox. Illumina EPIC array was used to measure DNAm age and accelerated aging markers including epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), as well as extrinsic (EEAA) and intrinsic (IEAA) EAA. Results: PHIV and controls did not differ by sex (45 vs. 43% male), chronological age (26.2 vs. 28.0 years), or ethnicity. Chronological age and DNAm age were correlated (r = 0.56, P < 0.01). PHIV had a higher mean EAA (2.86 +/- 6.5 vs. -2.96 +/- 3.9, P < 0.01) and EEAA (4.57 +/- 13.0 vs. -4.72 +/- 6.0, P < 0.01) than controls; however, IEAA was not different between groups. Among PHIV, EAA and EEAA were higher in those with HIV viral load >= 50 copies/mL than <50 copies/mL (EEA: 8.1 +/- 5.2 vs. 0.11 +/- 5.5, P = 0 < 0.01 and EEAA: 16.1 +/- 10.6 vs. -1.83 +/- 9.7, P < 0.01). We observed negative correlations (r = -0.36 to -0.31) between EEAA and executive function, attention, and language scores. Conclusions: In conclusion, EAA in blood was observed in AA young adults with PHIV on ART using 2 measures, including EEAA which upweights the contribution of immunosenescent cell types. However, there was no evidence of age acceleration with a measure independent of cell type composition.
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