Review on double-edged sword nature of arsenic: its path of exposure, problems, detections, and possible removal techniques

Chemically, Arsenic is one of the double-edged sword element distributed ubiquitously in nature. Low concentration of arsenic is used to treat leukaemia where as the high concentration of arsenic intake in human body leads to critical diseases such as skin diseases, cancer, blackfoot disease, hypertension, neurological effect, DNA damage and others. Chronic exposure may lead to coma and death. This peer review provides an overview about the distribution of arsenic species in rock, mining, and their pH dependent mobility that are found in aqueous body. The study reviews information among the various routes of arsenic exposure, their toxicity mechanisms, and a variety of total arsenic concentration detection process such as spectroscopic techniques, kit detection. The heart context of this review covers best arsenic removal techniques such as coagulation, absorption, oxidation, osmosis, electro-coagulation and others reputed techniques.

Automated summary

This review provides an overview of the distribution of arsenic in nature and its impact on human health, discussing the routes of arsenic exposure and its toxicity mechanisms, and summarizing various detection methods for arsenic concentration. Additionally, it introduces some effective techniques for arsenic removal.