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Cutaneous mesenchymal tumors treated with Mohs micrographic surgery: a comprehensive review

Journal

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
Volume 60, Issue 11, Pages 1334-1342

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15500

Keywords

dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans; atypical fibroxanthoma; undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma; pleomorphic dermal sarcoma; superficial leiomyosarcoma; cutaneous angiosarcoma; myofibrosarcoma; Mohs micrographic surgery; wide local excision

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Cutaneous mesenchymal tumors (CMT) are rare and heterogeneous, making it difficult to provide definitive treatment recommendations. However, recent literature suggests Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) may be a useful and potentially superior option for primary cutaneous mesenchymal tumors.
Cutaneous mesenchymal tumors (CMT) are rare tumors with wide clinicopathologic heterogeneity. Treatment of malignant cutaneous mesenchymal tumors traditionally includes wide local excision (WLE), though Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) has been increasingly used. A PubMed literature review of articles from inception until September 2019 related to malignant CMT and surgical treatment with MMS or WLE was completed. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans treated with MMS recurred in 1.2% of patients with no reported metastasis. Atypical fibroxanthoma treated with MMS recurred and metastasized in 2.7 and 2.5%, respectively. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma treated with MMS recurred in 32% with an unknown metastatic rate. Superficial leiomyosarcoma treated with MMS recurred in 3.8% with no reported metastasis. Cutaneous angiosarcoma and myofibrosarcoma treated with MMS have shown no recurrence or metastatic disease, but literature is sparse. The rarity of malignant CMT and the lack of comparative data on treatment make conclusive treatment recommendations difficult. However, recent literature suggests MMS is a useful option and potentially a superior treatment for primary cutaneous mesenchymal tumors.

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