Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 69, Issue 4, Pages 2585-2598Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3050100
Keywords
Light emitting diodes; Visible light communication; MIMO communication; Wireless communication; Optical transmitters; Lighting; Signal to noise ratio; Physical layer security (PLS); multi-user communication; secrecy rate region; visible light communication (VLC); generalized space shift keying (GSSK); multiple-input-multiple-output channels (MIMO)
Funding
- Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [218E034]
- U.S. National Science Foundation [CCF-1908308]
- EPSRC [EP/R007101/1]
- Zodiac Inflight Innovations (TriaGnoSys GmbH)
- Wolfson Foundation
- Royal Society
- EPSRC [EP/R007101/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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This study explores the physical layer security of multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output visible light communication systems with eavesdroppers, proposing a novel spatial constellation design technique. By optimizing received signals and adjusting emission power, the legitimate users are ensured to receive confidential messages securely while preventing meaningful leakage to the eavesdropper.
We consider the physical layer security (PLS) of multi-user (MU) multiple-input-multiple-output visible light communication (VLC) systems with an eavesdropper (Eve) and propose a novel spatial constellation design technique based on generalized space shift keying (MU-GSSK-SCD). The received signals of the legitimate users are optimized jointly, such that their bit error ratios (BERs) are minimized and Eve's BER is significantly degraded. The emission power of randomly selected light-emitting diodes is adjusted, by exploiting users' channel state information at the transmitter. Our strategy ensures that legitimate users receive confidential messages fully in an undistorted fashion, while any meaningful leakage to Eve is strongly prohibited, without any artificial noise addition. Every user can decode only its information, hence inter-user security is also guaranteed. The PLS improvements are presented in terms of both BERs and achievable secrecy rates in practical VLC scenarios. For various user configurations, it is shown that MU-GSSK-SCD increases the BER at Eve to the 0.5 level, while providing minimized BERs to the legitimate users. The achievable secrecy rate region is derived for MU-GSSK-SCD and it is shown that full secrecy can be achieved at 0 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level with a user separation as small as 90 cm.
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