Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT
Volume 67, Issue -, Pages 94-102Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.12.001
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Funding
- N.I.H. [R01GM127538]
- NIH [R01 GM132290]
- Bloomberg distinguished professorship
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Studying the interactions of transcription factors on chromatin is crucial for understanding transcription control mechanisms. Single molecule tracking is a powerful tool that reveals fast turnover of transcription factors and the formation of clusters that enhance activity.
A universe of transcription factors (TFs), cofactors, as well as chromatin remodeling and modifying enzymes combine or compete on chromatin to control transcription. Measuring quantitatively how these proteins dynamically interact is required in order to formulate models with predictive ability to elucidate transcription control mechanisms. Single molecule tracking (SMT) provides a powerful tool towards this goal: it is a fluorescence microscopy approach that measures the location and mobility of individual TF molecules, as well as their rates of association with and dissociation from chromatin in the physiological context of the living cell. Here we review SMT principles, and discuss key TF properties uncovered by live-cell SMT, such as fast turnover (seconds), and formation of clusters that locally increase activity.
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