Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 68, Issue -, Pages 30-36Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.09.008
Keywords
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Funding
- Royal Society of New Zealand
- Health Research Council, NZ
- Bio-Protection Research Centre (Tertiary Education Commission, NZ)
- Ministry of Business, Innovation Employment, NZ
- University of Otago
- University of Otago Doctoral Scholarship
- University of Otago Postgraduate Publishing Bursary
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The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to renewed interest in phages for infection prevention. However, phage therapy faces challenges from bacterial defense mechanisms, particularly the CRISPR-Cas systems. Understanding phages' evasion strategies is crucial for successful phage therapy applications.
The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to renewed interest in the use of their natural enemies, phages, for the prevention and treatment of infections. However, phage therapy requires detailed knowledge of the interactions between these entities. Bacteria defend themselves against phage predation with a large repertoire of defences. Among these, CRISPR-Cas systems stand out due to their adaptive character, mechanistic complexity and diversity, and present a significant hurdle for phage infection. Here, we provide an overview of how phages can circumvent CRISPR-Cas defence, ranging from target sequence mutations and DNA modifications to anti-CRISPR proteins and nucleus-like protective structures. An in-depth understanding of these phage evasion strategies is crucial for the successful development of phage therapy applications.
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