Journal
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 95, Issue -, Pages 28-33Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.05.006
Keywords
Free light chains; Laboratory methods; Electrophoresis; Mass spectrometry; Monoclonal gammopathy
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The detection and quantification of immunoglobulin free light chains is crucial for the diagnosis and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies. Despite improvements in quality and efficiency of tests available in clinical laboratories, results remain variable. This review article focuses on analyzing techniques like mass spectrometry that could potentially replace current methods.
The detection and quantification of immunoglobulin free light chains in serum and urine is recommended for the diagnosis and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies according to the guidelines of the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG). Several tests are currently available in the clinical laboratory to detect and quantify free light chains but although quality, efficiency, and effectiveness have been improved, the results are still variable and poorly harmonized and standardized. The present review article wants to analyze these aspects, with a keen eye on techniques, such as mass spectrometry, that could replace in the practical clinical laboratory the current methods including Bence-Jones protein assay and free light chain immunoassays.
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