Journal
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
Volume 34, Issue 4, Pages 1161-1168Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00033
Keywords
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Funding
- Penn State TCOR Pilot grants
- National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health
- Center for Tobacco Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration [P50-DA-036107]
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The study found that PG/G without nicotine increased levels of oxidative damage biomarkers in the lungs and plasma of mice, and e-cigarettes can cause more severe lung injury than tobacco smoke. This research data contributes to a better understanding of the impact of e-cigarettes on pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammation.
To provide insights into the cause of e-cigarette (e-cig) associated lung injury, we examined the effects of propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (G), two common solvent carriers used to deliver nicotine/flavor, on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in female B6C3F1 mice which had been used successfully in tobacco smoke (TS)-induced lung carcinogenesis. Mice exposed to air and TS were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Using LC-MS/MS, we showed that PG/G alone, in the absence of nicotine, significantly increased the levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG or its tautomer 8oxodG), a biomarker of DNA oxidative damage, in lung and plasma of mice; moreover, addition of nicotine (12 and 24 mg/mL) in e-cig liquid appears to suppress the levels of 8-oxodG. Exposure to e-cig aerosols or TS induced nonsignificant increases of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of inflammation; nonetheless, the levels of fibronectin (FN), a biomarker of tissue injury, were significantly increased by e-cig aerosols or TS. Although preliminary, our data showed that exposure to e-cig aerosols induced a higher score of lung injury than did control air or TS exposure. Our results indicate that the B6C3F1 mouse model may be suitable for an in-depth examination of the impact of e-cig on lung injury associated with oxidative stress and inflammation and this study adds to the growing evidence that the use of e-cig can lead to lung damage.
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