Optimal Control of Mathematical modeling of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic with highlighting the negative impact of quarantine on diabetics people with Cost-effectiveness

As of November 14, 2020, the number of people infected with the COVID-19 disease has reached more than 54 million people worldwide and more than 1323196 people have died, according to the World Health Organization. This requires many countries to impose a health emergency or quarantine, which has had positive results in reducing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and it has also had nega-tive economic, social and health effects. So, we suggest a mathematical model for the dynamics of how COVID-19 disease is spread, as well as a mathematical modeling for the dynamics of diabetes, then high -light the negative effect of quarantine has on the health of diabetics. Pontryagin's maximum principle is used to characterize the optimal controls, and the optimality system is solved by an iterative method. Finally, some numerical simulations are performed to verify the theoretical analysis using MATLAB. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The global COVID-19 pandemic continues to worsen, prompting countries to implement emergency measures to curb the spread of the virus, but these isolation policies have negative impacts on the economy, society, and health. Mathematical models are proposed to study virus transmission dynamics and diabetes dynamics, highlighting the adverse effects of isolation policies on diabetic patients. Mathematical analysis is conducted using Pontryagin's maximum principle and numerical simulations are performed to validate the theoretical findings with MATLAB.