Journal
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
Volume 179, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113078
Keywords
Non-invasive; Blood glucose sensor; Integration; Wearable; Graphene; Carbon nanotube
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21774094, 51702237, 51973159, 81772285]
- Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [14DZ2261100]
- Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project [18441900300]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Tongji University)
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The article introduces a simple two-electrode non-invasive blood glucose sensor, which extracts glucose concentration in ISF through RI process for blood glucose monitoring and validates its feasibility on different animals and human subjects.
Wearable non-invasive glucose sensors that can provide human a painless and portable means to monitor their blood glucose and manage their health condition draw great attentions, recently. Non-invasive human glucose sensors by detecting glucose in interstitial fluid (ISF) extracted through a reverse iontophoresis (RI) approach have been widely investigated, but the current challenges are their complex structure and instability for continuous monitor. Herein, we demonstrate a simple two-electrode non-invasive blood glucose sensor, which is fabricated by using graphene/carbon nanotubes/glucose oxidase composite textile and graphene/carbon nanotube/silver/silver chloride composite textile as the working electrode and counter electrode, respectively. By using one single device, extraction of ISF through RI process is firstly conducted by loading a certain electric current between two electrodes, then the glucose concentration in the ISF is detected through an amperometric approach by using the same two electrodes. The feasibility of these non-invasive glucose sensors is validated on porcine skin, nude mice and human. The blood glucose concentration calculated according to the response currents of the two-electrode sensors is highly consistent with that measured by commercial glucose meter. Furthermore, the used textile-like electrodes provide the non-invasive blood glucose sensors with excellent flexible and wearable properties, which make them promising to be integrated with other electronic units for monitor and management of human health.
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